Own Theory of Personality - 2080 Words

The perception of personality varies from person to person. The conclusion of what an individuals personality may be is based upon the criteria of the person observing another. Our profile--our personality--stands in dialectical relationship to perception. What we are as a personality, our motives, goals, temperaments, and so on, influence what we perceive as a situation; and this perception itself will influence our personality. Each person is a unique personality, a profile of motivational, temperamental, and ability dispositions and powers. This profile is what we know as anothers character, personality, nature, constitution, caliber, or style. This profile is not static nor set on its course; perception and experience can radically†¦show more content†¦Each individuals social reality is somewhat different, but our social realities are similar, and mutually validating, to the extent that we share common cultural traditions, meaning common symbolic differentiations. If we share socio-cultural traditions, we are cut from the same cloth, so to speak. This shows us how important culture is in shaping the personality of a person. Culture evidently dictates the norms on how people should behave. Other than culture, religions are also one of the social realities that have a tremendous influence on the behavior of a person. Religion, like the Catholic religion has an established set of rules which is called the Ten Commandments on what a person should believe and in turn, they should act the way that accords to the rules. Actions that do not accord to these rules is a way of turning against your religion. Government, on the other hand, has a set of laws for the citizens to follow. Not abiding by the laws may result to persecution and severe punishment depending on the severity of the crime. We are at the center of these great forces such as history, culture and society. These forces influence us through the mediation of our family, peers, and media. In everything you do, you must first ask yourself whether your actions would fit the norm or not which in turn may influence the way you act and behave towards other people. Or you must at least put yourself in the shoes of another person to see andShow MoreRelatedMy Own Theory Of Personality2164 Words   |  9 Pagescomes to personality it can vary between individuals to the point some people may be viewed as abnormal. Personality can be defined as the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual s distinctive character. Each person personality can be a construct of more than one personality or can follow a specific theorist personality all the way through end of life. My own theory of personality is a collaboration with other theorist ideas but with a twist. My personality theory is calledRead MoreMgt 300 Module 2 Thinking Assignment1381 Words   |  6 PagesModule 2 CRITICAL THINKING ASSIGNMENT /CSU Personality and Motivation – Analyze a Personality Demonstrate your understanding of personality and motivation and your critical thinking and writing skills by synthesizing theories of personality and motivation as covered in your textbook readings this week. Include any theories you have discovered in your own personality and motivation research efforts. Base your response to this assignment on the personality of somebody with whom you have direct experienceRead MoreComparing Erikson and Marcias Psychosocial Theory of Identity and Tajfels Social Identity Theory1766 Words   |  7 PagesPsycho-social theory of Identity and Tajfels Social Identity theory Introduction of theorists: Erikson: Eriksons description of the eight stages of life has a lot of appeal, and Erikson himself was described in the early 1980s as the fifth most influential psychologist of the century (Gilgen, 1982). Much research has been done on predictions made by Eriksons theory, especially the adolescent crisis of  identify vs. role confusion. Erikson is one of the few famous personality theorists whoRead MorePersonality Paper1091 Words   |  5 PagesPersonality Paper Jo Hanousek University of Phoenix Karen Wilson Personality Paper Just as no two people are alike, no two personalities are alike. Each person’s personality is unique to the individual to whom it belongs. A person may share the same traits as others, such as family members, and while there may be similarities in traits, each individual will have different patterns which will help to make up a different personality (Feist Feist, 2006). A personality is made up of differentRead MorePsychoanalytic vs. Social Cognitive Essay788 Words   |  4 Pageswe are, what drives our personality? Is it driven by deep seeded sexual desires or is it something a bit more mundane, something that while we still have no control over, is easily studied? Every single individual has a personality; it is the very quintessence of human existence. Personality drives our interactions with others, our desires – conscious and unconscious, our perceived needs, and to a certain extent, even our actions. Psychodynamic approaches to personality are focused on the beliefRead More Psychologist’s Theory Essay528 Words   |  3 Pagespsychologist’s theory best describes your own personality?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Personality can best be described as â€Å"personal qualities of an individual†. No two people have the same personality, but yet all the different personalities in the world can be characterized into 4 main theories. The four psychologists that thought up the four theories are Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, and Abraham Maslow. (pg.64) Each man based his theory on a different part of a person’s personality development. The theory thatRead MoreEysenck s Personality Theory And Allport s Trait Theory Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesPersonality distinguishes one individual different from another. Some personalities are more positive than others; however personality ultimately defines a person. Ample amounts of research and theories focus on personality. Researchers trust that investigation concerning personality provides a road map to truly understanding the individual. In an attempt to analyzing Michelle Obama’s personality, this paper will discuss the extrovert and introvert personality through using Eysenck’s PersonalityRead MoreTrait Theory And Social Cognitive Theories1190 Words   |  5 Pages Both Trait theory and Social Cognitive Theories are currently and have been very influential in describing personalities in people over the years. They have both similar and opposite qualities as well and seem to work off of each other at times in my opinion. Although many theories are still helpful in some ways, I feel like these two are more beneficial due to them bringing a more positive approach to describing personalities and giving the person more control over their own behavioral change ratherRead MoreKaren Horney1746 Words   |  7 Pagestherapies and personality development theory† (Quinn). She was a contemporary of Sigmund Freud and was one of his early followers. Yet Horney joined the class of neo-Freudians after her research and writing led her to develop and establish psychoanalytical theo ries that ran counter to Freuds ideas. She objected to the Freudian psychology of women, which instigated the search for her own theories for the causes of neurosis. This in turn led to her personality development theory. Horney devotedRead MoreThe Psychodynamic And Humanistic Theory Of Personality1557 Words   |  7 PagesPersonality is from the Latin word ‘persona’, which is referred to as roles we adopt and play. However, psychologist and personality theorist argue that the term is seen more than playing a role or roles that people tend to play. Therefore, personality theorists have not come to an overall agreeable single definition of personality. This essay will compare and contrast the Psychodynamic and the Humanistic theory of personality. There are certainly major differences between the two theories of personality

Customer Service - 2541 Words

Customer Service at Datatronics Datatronics is an organization that serves their customers with Enterprise Resource Planning integrated solutions. Their growth is mainly attributed to acquisitions of smaller competitors. E-Z RP was such a company that despite its inferior size compared to Datatronics was able to succeed and outperform Datatronics on grounds of customer service and customer satisfaction. Datatronics recognized the fact and acquired E-Z RP with the aim to improve in that respective area. Just as it is the case with most acquisitions, job uncertainty at E-Z RP came into question when the acquisition was announced, however, all of the employees were able to remain employed. The issue was that most of the positions E-Z RP†¦show more content†¦Case Questions 1. Outline the specific information that Matt should collect to build a case for improving customer service at Datatronics. 2. Describe your top ideas for Matt to present to Joel next week. 3. How would Matt get Joel to support his ideas? 1. In order to improve customer service at Datatronics Matt will need to present a solid case in which he should consider the following items: †¢ How many customer service representatives are working in the Datatronics call center? †¢ What is their current knowledge of the products and what are some of the areas they will need to catch up on? †¢ How much time does a CSR spend on a single call on average? How many calls end up unresolved with the first call? †¢ What is the potential for reducing that time through improved education of CSR’s? †¢ How is the training being conducted on existing reps and new hires currently and how much time exactly is being allocated to that activity? †¢ Provide a means for customers to provide feedback after calls to acquire their satisfaction score on the overall service experience and allow them to point to areas that need improvement o Information must be allowed to be fed back to the individual development teams to allow for controls to be put in place for product improvement †¢ Conduct anonymous CSR survey about working conditions and their own satisfaction levels along with an opportunity to provide ideas forShow MoreRelatedCustomer Service2488 Words   |  10 PagesCustomer Service Research Paper Before I get into further analysis of my own personal experience, I am going to explain about different characteristics that are involved in customer service. Most businesses will tell you that quality customer service is the keystone to success. An essential component of outstanding customer service is the possession of a great staff. Larger companies may be weighed down by employee handbooks that specify the customer service guidelines. Independent, smaller businessesRead MoreCustomer Service Services And The Service Sector2162 Words   |  9 PagesSince+ the global economy embraced customer service, issues regarding levels of customer service have become more prominent in service organisations. Even now there are organisational managers with no training or knowledge of how organisations in the service sector require a high level of customer service. This is ignorance of the fact good customer service can create a competitive advantage; increase profit; efficiency; and increase st aff and customer retention and satisfaction. Based on comprehensiveRead MoreCustomer Service And An Organization1445 Words   |  6 Pagescontinuously fail in customer service satisfaction for many reasons. As service failures are inevitable, it is important for companies, especially small businesses, to capitalize on learning the importance of reducing service failure. Just as the seed is the core of the fruit, customer service is the core of an organization; its meaning is the primary function for organizations to retain business and discover new ventures. Customer service is the primary source of business-to-customer communication andRead MoreCustomer Service Essay641 Words   |  3 Pagesto communicate with customers to identify and agree on product/ service specifications. It is crucial to be aware that customer expectations and needs will change from time to time and will be affected by market trends, fashions and changes in external environments. This means the business plans need to be adapted to changing needs of customers and is important that organisations communicate with its customers. Profiling is a method to understand the needs of the customers. Profiling enables organisationsRead MoreThe Etiquette Of Customer Service1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe Etiquette of Customer Service – Instructional Guide Overview Objective Key points How to say â€Å"I’m sorry† without apologizing in customer service? There are justifiable situations that require customer service representatives to say â€Å"I’m sorry† without apologizing. Situations include: a plan benefit that is not covered, denial of a pre-authorization, or an appeal denial. Session#1 I’m Sorry When this occurs, there are phrasesRead MoreCustomer Service Representatives1622 Words   |  7 PagesZappos. This is followed by a hierarchal ranking of the four major presenting problems for the company, which are: maintaining the â€Å"wow† image without overspending, inventory management/distribution problems, transportation efficiency problems and customer behavior problems. Each of these problems is addressed in more detail in the discussion section and the recommendations section at the end of the analysis. Prior to the conclusion and recommendations section, a list of possible strategic alternativesRead MoreCustomer Service At The Restaurant2103 Words   |  9 Pages†¢ Execute exceptional outstanding customer service by recruiting, leading and developing people and planning, organising, directing, controlling and evaluating all the operations of the restaurant to build sales and control costs to deliver optimum business results for the restaurant †¢ Understand, enforce and train Crew and Managers on all appropriate policies, award minimums, security and safety procedures. †¢ Modifying the operational procedures as per the requirement of the profitability of theRead MoreCustomer Service1186 Words   |  5 Pagessome companies aim to look after their customers well, ensuring that the customer is at the heart of their business and everything they do. In marketing terms this is called being customer focused. It is important to realise that customers can take their business anywhere they want to and if they are not satisfied they will take their business elsewhere. Therefore, it is very important to understand who our customers are, their expectations of the service they experience and how that effects futureRead MoreEssay on Customer Service1144 Words   |  5 PagesSection 1 – Understand the factors that affect an organisation and the customer service role 1. Complete the table below with a description of the products and services for at least two commercial organisations, public organisations and third sector organisations. Please ensure you provide a description for each organisation, rather than a list. Organisation type Name of organisation Description of products and services Commercial organisation Commercial organisation Read MoreQuestions On Customer Service And Customer Services1913 Words   |  8 Pagesthe main problems a company may has on the customer services, it point out that many companies may issue on dealing with customers feedbacks thus it lead enterprise loss their market share because of bad performance on customer services and they may give the bad comments on company’s products and services. Therefore, they need to establish a system ii. Body 1 It will analyze several problems a company might have, a company may hard to collect customers’ feedback and manage it, and then some company

Psy 270 Depression Paper Free Essays

Week 4 Assignment: Depression Paper Axia College of University of Phoenix Situational depression is a normal recurrence for many of us during our lifetimes. We have life events that trigger depression, stress and anxiety to include the death of a loved one, the unwanted change in our work status and possibly a divorce. Such changes in emotions are temporary and directly related to specific events are part of the way in which we respond to these changes. We will write a custom essay sample on Psy 270 Depression Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Outside these normal, healthy mood changes exists a world in which a small percentage of U. S. adults experience clinical depression. Clinical depression is a mental illness that is extreme enough that a person cannot function well in their daily lives. It may even cause the individual to be suicidal. Unipolar depression is the term ascribed to this condition (Comer, 2011). Symptoms of this illness are similar to those of mood disorder. The mood disorder is called bipolar disorder. In this assignment, I will compare causes, symptoms and treatments of these two illnesses. The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual describes unipolar depression as a significant depressive period that lasts more than two weeks during which the patient exhibits at least five depressive symptoms (Comer, 2011). Symptoms of depression include insomnia, daily bouts of depression, inability to concentrate on the task on hand, loss of appetite and a loss of interest in previously pleasurable activities and thoughts of suicide (Comer, 2011). Unipolar depression is thought to be caused by a combination of factors rather than being developed from one source or exposure. Depression is in part, a genetic biochemical imbalance of the neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in combination with stress. The institute details specific personality traits correlated with depression. Their studies revealed that individuals who show: 1. High levels of anxiety, which can be experienced as an internalized anxious worrying style or as a more externalized irritability. 2. Shyness, expressed as social avoidance or personal reserve. 3. Self? criticism or low self? worth. 4. Interpersonal sensitivity. 5. Perfectionism. 6. A self? focused style is at higher risk for developing depression. A variety of therapies are used to treat unipolar depression with varying degrees of success and effectiveness. One treatment which is biological in nature that has proved very effective is also controversial because of its nature. This is Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In ECT, the patient is subjected to induction of seizure through controlled electric shock, under anesthesia. The treatment process is not well understood and is, therefore, used only in severe cases. These cases may include delusion in extreme forms of the illness. ECT does tend to cause memory loss and is being used less frequently since the introduction of newer antidepressant drugs (Comer, 2011). The class of drugs used for antidepressant effects include three types. These are monoamine oxidase (MAOI) inhibitors, tricyclics and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). All three types of antidepressants are effective for patients with depression, but SSRIs are currently the preferred medication due to the smaller body of side effects these drugs have. SSRIs function by balancing the brain’s neurotransmitters. They increase serotonin and norepinephrine levels (Comer, 2011). Other treatment modalities are available as well. Drug treatments are most effective when used in combination with other treatments. Unipolar depression treatments are currently dominated by cognitive model therapies. The cognitive models have gained favor over other therapies, such as psychodynamic and behavioral models (Comer, 2011). The effectiveness rate for cognitive therapies is between 50% and 60% (Comer, 2011). Cognitive therapy is designed to re-educate patients to become aware of and alter their own negative thought patterns and maladaptive behaviors. Four steps are employed in this model. The first step is when the individual is instructed to create a log of their daily schedule so that they can begin to become active again. This is intended to help them also regain their self-confidence. In the second step, the individual is told to write down the automatic negative thoughts they experience. In the third step, they can then look back on this list and learn to recognize that most, if not all, of these thoughts are unfounded and that this pattern of negative thinking becomes self fulfilling. The goal here is to refocus the person and to give them a new perspective that is self fulfilling in a positive way. The fourth and last step is when the clinician assists the individual in making changes to their maladaptive attitudes and behaviors that contributed to their depression (Comer, 2011). Bipolar disorder is the term applied to an individual’s condition when their mood swings drastically from mania to depression. The DSM indicates that there are two different types of bipolar disorders. In Type one an individual experiences daily severe depression for an extended period with these periods being by full blown manic episodes. In Type two bipolar disorder, the individual experiences the same depression as in Type one, but the subsequent manic phase is less severe (Comer, 2011). Research studies show that bipolar disorder is developed in the same way as depression. The treatments for bipolar disorder, however, vary greatly from those used to treat depression. In bipolar patients, antidepressants can trigger mania, so other drugs, singly or in combination are used for mania. Some of these drugs are lithium, carbamazepine and valporate (Comer, 2011) in combination with SSRI antidepressants, since SSRIs do not trigger mania as often. Research shows that psychotherapy alone will not effectively treat biopolar disorders. Lithium along is also not effective. Lithium dosages are difficult to regulate in actual use and patients often discontinue the medication on their own (Comer, 2011). Adjunctive psychotherapy is used in conjunction with medications, in part to help the patient understand the value of their medication. The clinician will also work with the patient to help them cope with family, work and social issues that arise when bipolar disorder is experienced (Comer, 2011). These two types of disorders are caused in similar ways, but their treatments are quite different. References Comer, R. J. (2011). Fundamentals of abnormal psychology (6th ed. ). New York, NY: Worth. How to cite Psy 270 Depression Paper, Essay examples

12 Road Blocks to Communication Essay Sample free essay sample

Ordering. Directing. or CommandingThis is an effort to alter the squad member’s actions by stating them what they should be making or how you expect them to move in the state of affairs. This sort of response bounds a squad member’s ability to speak through the job ; perchance forestalling them from turning to you for aid in the hereafter. Some illustrations of this type of barrier include:You must ( or must non ) do this.I expect you to make this.Stop worrying about that.Warning. Admonishing. or EndangeringThis type of response is intended to alter the squad member’s response to a state of affairs through transfusing fright or weakness. This type of motive has long been proven to hold the inauspicious consequence. Some illustrations of this include:You had better make this. or else†¦You had better non even seek that.If you don’t make this. then†¦Moralizing. Preaching. or BegingWhile this response is non every bit negative as the old illustrations. this is still a barrier for the squad member. as it does non admit the original job they may hold had with the undertaking. Alternatively of job work outing together. the ball is thrown back into their tribunal. with an added ounce of force per unit area. Examples of this are:You should make it.Merely seek it.This is your responsibility/duty.I wish you would make this.I urge you to make this.Reding. Giving Suggestions. or SolutionsThis type of response is likely the most knee-jerk response and likely the hardest to understand why it is a barrier. Taking away the power ofjob work outing from the squad member does non help in future jobs or undertakings. Examples include:Here’s what I think you should do†¦Let me suggest†¦Here’s the best solution†¦Using logic. Lecturing. or ArguingWhile logic is an ideal tool in work outing jobs. when it is used to barricade communicating it becomes a barrier to effectual leading. It frequently makes the 1 with the job feel inferior. or unequal by directing messages of subordination. Examples of lecture and logic include:Make you recognize that†¦ ?Experience Tells us that †¦The facts point to this solution.Here is the right manner.Knocking. Judging. Disagring. and BlamingThis obvious barrier may look harmless one time in awhile. but the effects on unfastened communicating in the face of a job are self apparent. The messages ofridicule and opinion are of no aid to anyone who is runing a concern of inventiveness and invention. Examples include:You are merely being foolish.You are out of line.You didn’t make it right.You are incorrect.You are non believing clearly.Praising. Agring. Measuring Positively and Buttering UpOnce once more. throwing the ball negligently back into the tribunal of the 1 who has the job is non an effectual tool in work outing jobs. This type of response provinces that the job is non sharedand there is nil else to state. Examples of this include:You are normally really good at work outing this type of job.You have so much potency.You have ever succeeded in the yesteryear.You are an intelligent individual.Labeling. Ridiculing. or DishonoringNaming out a individual for what they may be experiencing or sing takes the job to a personal degree and the grounds this is considered is a job in effectual communicating is. once more. self apparent. Examples of labeling are:You truly drop the ball on this one.Person is a perfectionist.You are merely a sloppy worker.You are speaking like an applied scientist.Analyzing. Interpreting. or DiagnosingAgain. turn toing an implicit in motive behind the job circumvents the state of affairs and any possible communicating that could assist the individual solve the undertaking at manus. While acquiring to the root of a job may work in some state of affairss. when used like this. it hinders squad edifice. Examples of this type of response are:You are merely angry.You are being paranoiac.You are covetous of his/her publicity.You merely want to look good.Reassuring. Sympathizing. Consoling. and SupportingWhile the motive behind desiring to do person experience better may be good in nature. this type of communicating does non help in work outing the job at manus. This type of response may evenminimize the job. closing down effectual communicating. Examples of comforting responses include:Thingss will acquire better.You’ll feel better tomorrow.It’s non that bad.Don’t worry so much.Every dark cloud has a Ag liner.Questioning. Probing. InterrogatingThis signifier of communicating takes the duty of the job from the original proprietor and tells them that you are now in charge. devaluating the individual with the job anddisallowing them the chance for growing. Examples are:Why did you make that?What have you done to seek to work out this?How long have you known of this job?How long have you felt this manner?Avoiding. Distracting. Deviating and Pull the leg ofingThese types of responses minimize the job and relate to the squad member that their state of affairs is non every bit of import as they might believe it is. This evident barrier to an exchange of thoughts stops the job work outing train in its paths and shelves it for another twenty-four hours. Examples of this barrier include:Try non to believe about it excessively much.Let’s have tiffin and trade with it subsequently.Expression at the positive side.

Japanese Immigrants to the US

Japanese are among the different ethnic groups that immigrated to the United States between 1870s and 1880s. At that time, the Japanese economy was in the transition stage slowly transforming into the economy that it has today, and this led to numerous economic hardships, like unemployment and crime.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Japanese Immigrants to the US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Bankruptcies were wide spread in the economy and civil disorders were common. Such economic hardships forced most Japanese people to immigrate to the US and particularly to Hawaii (Schaefer, 2011). During the time, the sugar industry in Hawaii was booming, which attracted the Japanese, who were mostly laborers. A decade from 1885, almost 30,000 Japanese have moved to Hawaii seeking jobs and hoping to return home. When America took over the Island of Hawaii in 1900, the sugar plantation owners anticipated the legisl ation of American laws against the contract labors (Johnson, 2010). To beat the ban, they imported about 26,000 laborers from Japan in 1899; this was the single largest group of Japanese to leave for America in one year. Finally, the law annulled the contract labor permitting all the Japanese to migrate freely to the mainland USA. Process of Entering the US For many years, Hawaii was densely populated by the Japanese people, as opposed to other regions in the USA, and it was due to racial discrimination in the country. Racial discrimination was not significant in Hawaii as it was in the mainland US this had become known to the Japanese government, and it stopped issuing passports to citizens wishing to travel to the mainland US.Advertising Looking for research paper on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, many of those who received permission to travel to Hawaii found their way to mainland US (Johnson, 2 010). Americans Attitude to Japanese The initial relationship between the Japanese and the American people were similar to those of Chinese and American relationships, as Chinese had also immigrated as laborers to Hawaii. The Chinese in Hawaii and mainland had ventured into small business and were successful, and this led to resentment and rejection from the Americans because of their hard work. The Japanese had followed the same pattern, initially like a substitute to Chinese labor, but soon there was a growing dislike for Japanese. These attitudes were more severe in the mainland as opposed to Hawaii and regulations were put in place that limited their progress and activities. In Hawaii, the laws limited the movement of the Japanese to more skilled jobs, and in the mainland they were not allowed to own land. The theory of racial profiling can be used to describe the experiences of the Japanese Americans, and it became even worse during the Second World War (Schaefer, 2011). Japane se’s Values and Beliefs Japanese society does not believe in one God like most Americans who believe in God who controls everything and determines the fate of people. The Japanese believe in a number of virtues that affect the character and the destiny of the individuals.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Japanese Immigrants to the US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Japanese have all along been a collective society as compared to the American way of life where emphasis is made more on group values rather than on individual ones. These social groups play a significant role in helping other members in the community; this could explain their relative success of the Japanese. The Americans are individualistic society, where individuals look on to themselves and the members of the immediate family (Onozawa, 2003). The Japanese have an exceptionally strong filial piety, where all members of the society respect the elderly and take care of them. They value them as an excellent source of oral traditions that are passed to future generation. Current Conditions in Japan Since the first immigrants moved to the US, the economic conditions in Japan have changed drastically (Schaefer, 2011). Since 1950, Japan has been among the strongest and the fastest growing economies in the world and by 1995 it had caught up with the American economy. It is now one of the most highly industrialized and developed nations in the world and occupies the third position after the United States and China (Onozawa, 2003). When the first immigrants were heading to the US, the country was primarily agricultural, but now it has turned into an industrialized nation with sectors such as manufacturing, service and trade, playing a vital role in the economy (Onozawa, 2003). According to IMF, Japan has one of the highest per capita incomes, and the unemployment level is extremely low. The country is a member of G8, m eaning that it has a powerful influence on the world’s politics and economics.Advertising Looking for research paper on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Japan currently ranks as the top most innovative country in the world, as seen in the number of patents registered. From 1968, Japan was the second largest economy until 2010 when China dislodged it to third position. Almost 70 out of the 500 fortune companies are Japanese, and despite the effects of the Second World War, they emerged with resilience, and its economic growth is almost unbelievable (Schaefer, 2011). Opinion on Their Journey Given the experiences of the Japanese immigrants in the USA, especially during and after the Second World War, the journey did not benefit them; instead they lost all they acquired (Johnson, 2010). When the Pearl Harbor was attacked, it marked a turning point and ushered in the most traumatic experiences of the Japanese immigrants. As a result, many Japanese were murdered and even more were taken to custody and they lost all their investments and jobs. Their assets were liquidated by the state, and after the war Japanese were mostly laborers, whil e those in professional jobs dropped significantly (Johnson, 2010). I would not have made the same decision of moving to the US, in my opinion I would have remained in Japan. Reference List Johnson, R. (2010). Be Good Americans: The Message of the Japanese-American Courier. The Great Depression in Washington State. Retrieved from http://depts.washington.edu/depress/japanese_american_courier_americanism.shtml Onozawa, N. (2003). Immigration from Japan to the U.S.A., Historical Trends and Background. Retrieved from https://www.tsukuba-g.ac.jp/library/kiyou/2003/7.ONOZAWA.pdf Schaefer, R. (2011). Racial and Ethnic Groups. (13th ed.). Washington, DC: Pearson. This research paper on Japanese Immigrants to the US was written and submitted by user Eva Ross to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Teacher Responsibilities Make It a Weighty Job

Teacher Responsibilities Make It a Weighty Job What do students, parents, administrators and the community really expect of teachers? Obviously, teachers must educate students in certain academic subjects, but society also wants teachers to encourage adherence to a generally accepted code of conduct. The measurable responsibilities speak to the significance of the job, but certain personal qualities might better indicate a teachers potential for long-term success. Teachers Need an Aptitude for Teaching Teachers must be able to explain their subject matter to students, but this goes beyond simply reciting the knowledge they gained through their own education. Teachers must possess an aptitude to teach the material through different methods based on the needs of the students. Teachers must also meet the needs of students of varying abilities within the same classroom, provide all students with an equal opportunity to learn. Teachers must be able to inspire students from diverse backgrounds and experiences to achieve. Teachers Need Strong Organizational Skills Teachers must be organized. Without a good system of organization and daily procedures in place, the job of teaching becomes more difficult. A disorganized teacher could find him or herself in professional jeopardy. If a teacher does not keep accurate attendance, grade and behavioral records, it could result in administrative and legal problems. Teachers Need Common Sense and Discretion Teachers must possess common sense. The ability to make decisions grounded in common sense leads to a more successful teaching experience. Teachers who make judgment errors often create difficulties for themselves and sometimes even the profession. Teachers must maintain the confidentiality of student information, particularly for students with learning disabilities. Teachers can create professional problems for themselves by being indiscreet, but they can also lose the respect of their students, affecting their potential for learning. Teachers Need To Be Good Role Models Teachers must present themselves as a  good role model  both in and out of the classroom. A teachers private life can impact his or her professional success. A teacher who participates in questionable activities  during personal time can experience a loss of moral authority in the classroom. While its true that varying sets of personal morals exist among segments of society, a generally accepted standard for basic rights and wrongs dictates acceptable personal behavior for teachers. Every career has its own level of responsibility, and its perfectly reasonable to expect teachers to meet their professional obligations and responsibilities. Doctors, lawyers and other professionals operate with similar responsibilities and expectations for patient and client privacy. But society often holds teachers to an even higher standard because of their position of influence with children. Its clear that children  learn best with positive role models who demonstrate the types of behavior that lead to personal success. Though written in 1910, the words of Chauncey P. Colegrove in his book The Teacher and the School still ring true today: No one can justly expect that all teachers, or any teacher, shall be endlessly patient, free from mistakes, always perfectly just, a miracle of good temper, unfailingly tactful, and unerring in knowledge. But people have a right to expect that all teachers shall have fairly accurate scholarship, some professional training, average mental ability, moral character, some aptness to teach, and that they shall covet earnestly the best gifts.

Georg Hegel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Georg Hegel - Research Paper Example He saw the problems that were prevalent in Scotland and England and considered whether these problems could be avoided in Germany. In addition, he showed concern as to what had happened to the European promise of enlightenment. Because of Germany’s perceived backwardness, Hegel was able to see a distinctive angle to most of these questions. After studying the works of the Scots, he contended that the two countries were outside and inside a developing civil society. Vital for him was a comparison with an idealized view of the Polis in Greece where there was harmony contrasted with the modern world’s discord (Hegel 85). Hegel was particularly enamored with Ferguson who had pointed out clear parallels between the Greek Polis, the Native North Americans, and the Scottish highland clans, which Hegel found to contrast with civil society favorably. Hegel, rather than choosing to ignore the bourgeois class’ repulsive forms that were appearing throughout the continent, ch ose to reconcile these with humanity and its advance to freedom. 2. Does Hegel see reality as static or dynamic Hegel disputes reality’s static nature as proposed by Aristotle, choosing to view it as essentially dynamic. This was because reality tends to pass into nothing by its nature, before going back in the higher concept of itself and becoming again (Hegel 87). This contrasts with Aristotle’s view that nothing was ever more certain than what was the same as itself and that everything was the exact way it was. If that would be a table, according to Aristotle that was the entire truth of the table. However, for Hegel, reality was dynamic and another truth was equally essential about the table; it will become ashes and was previously a tree. Therefore, dynamism and becoming is reality’s best expression, rather than being. Becoming is the best expression of thought since when we become, we get the best knowledge, especially because one knows what it is, what it was, and what the thing will be and the way in which it developed. Hegel contends that mind and life appear when one advances in the development scale, just like nothing and being develop to become, to appear as the process’ third term, which, in turn, develops to higher concepts and forms (Hegel 87). 3. Give an example of the Hegelian Dialectic Hegel gave an outline of his dialectics and gave its purpose as the study of things as they are, as well as their movement, in order to give a demonstration of the finite nature of partial understanding categories. An important principle in his dialectics was the transformation of quantity into quality (Hegel 89). Hegel termed this as a measure, which is the qualitative amount and the amount is quantity’s existence. The identity that exists between quality and quantity that is in the measure is only implicit at first. The two categories that are united by measure have a different and independent authority. While it is possible to alter the existing features of quantity sans any effect of on quality, the diminution and increase, even if immaterial, has limits that when exceeded causes the quality to suffer. When the present quantity in a specific measure goes past a particular limit, the corresponding quality will also suffer. However, it does not negate quality, only definite quality. Hegel uses water’s aggregation whose temperature is not a consequence

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Marketing - Essay Example This extended marketing mix can be very easily applied to consumer markets such as FMCG’s markets, organizational markets such as non-profit organizations, services sector and international markets such as global markets (oil markets and commodities exchange are an example). Recommended ‘Extended Marketing Mix’ for two different segments Following discussion will throw some light on how, the 7 P’s should be transformed and tweaked to apply the extended marketing mix to psychographic and demographic segments in consumer markets which are described above. Product The product or the market offering should be parallel to the demographic variables and psychographic segmentation. If the product is not mass marketed, then offering a differentiated product or tailor-made product for each segment makes more sense. For example, BIC offers its various products according to the segmentation it has done. It has clearly demarcated and allotted each of its products to eac h segment. Offering the wrong product to the wrong market segment would dilute the essence of the brand. Besides, the steps of product development which involve the identification of needs of your target market should be pursued with ultimate care as the whole success of one’s product lies in this particular step. For example ‘Royal Dutch Shell’ released its new product of oils and lubricants for cars in England. The sales were pretty impressive and successful just because of the trend of maintaining cars with high quality products and services. Price Price is one of the most crucial aspects of the mix. When setting a price, it is extremely important to take demographic variables into consideration, for example, the average income of the target market can be a critical indicator to the right price of the product, similarly, factors like age and education may help in evaluating its value to the target market, which in turn suggests if the price can be set liberall y or should it be priced modestly. An example to elucidate the price factor is that the branded products of Armani and Nike with higher prices have a very minimal amount of sales in South East Asia, when compared to the western countries. Evian bottle which costs $4 in US would be a failure if introduced in a less developed country because people there would be reluctant to buy branded water which would guzzle a major part of their income. Promotion Promotion is the easiest way to let your customers know about the merits of your existing or upcoming products. Setting a promotion budget depends on the segmentation that you have done. An ideal example would be of Pantene where great in-roads were made in promotional activities. In the Pantene ad, expensive celebrities like Katrina Kaif are being shown endorsing and patronizing the brand. The promotional strategies should be in coherence with the lifestyle of people. Another example is TESCO who made all the advertisements and banners in accordance with the lifestyle of the citizens of UK to attract them towards their products and services. Placement Placement is not only about just placing the product but it is more about presenting it in the right time at the right place. In this regard, Apple inc. the leading brand in computer technologies devised a perfect strategy to market their product via placement. In the mid 90’

Principles of Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Principles of Human Resource Management - Essay Example Starting from identifying the capacity and nature of workforce required, employers need to lay down the specifications of the diversity mix they aim to introduce in their organization. This involves clarifying the demographics, qualification, skill set, education, competencies and other abilities. The point of contention which arises here is the possibility of overt or systematic discrimination creeping in, based on caste, color, creed, race, religion, gender, marital status, minority and such other factors (Markey et al. 2002). From organizational point of view, competencies are defined in advance just for the purpose of matching the core jobs with that of candidate’s profile, leaving scope of adjustment for peripheral duties and responsibilities of the job. However, discriminating candidates on the basis of such criteria denies them equality of opportunity in the first place, and later on from appropriate training and development session organized and managed by the organiza tion. Pandey (2006, p.21) gives some exceptional cases where sex or religion is not considered as unlawful in segregating the candidature of employees, like playing role for a movie or a drama. But in general, such practices are considered anti to the equal opportunity laws. Evidence of discriminatory practices constitutes the type of questions asked during selection interviews. Though basic information has to be provided by the candidate, yet federal laws have now prohibited asking questions on marital status, weight and height, education, child care, demographics, ownership and such other details. Purpose behind such prohibition is to safeguard the interests of women and under-represented communities who are denied of equal opportunities on the basis of their height, care giving duties, availability to work on weekends, etc (Strahan & Burgess 1998). This discrimination extends to even compensation and promotion techniques adopted by the management of the organization. Lately, init ial screening and assessments stages in recruitment and selection process have turned advanced with the advent of technologies like Interactive Voice Responses system (IVR) and social networking tools. Though these technologies have simplified the entire process, but in reality have posed many legal challenges ahead HR practitioners and policy makers. Primary amongst them is the inability of such hiring practices in giving due attention to applicants suffering from disabilities like hearing and visual impairment. Further, it limits the accommodation by providing access to people having internet connection. This gives direct birth to ‘disparate impact’ whereby web-based hiring creates membership and access based on sub-groups, age etc. Employers are also making extensive use of social networking tools and websites like Facebook, Twitter and other to conduct background checks and gather information and confirming the credentials of candidates. This directly gives rise to invasion of privacy and unlawful spying on profiles of candidates which are otherwise not considered as authentic means of background

Psychoanalysis of a Family’s Entertainment Patterns

Psychoanalysis of a Family’s Entertainment Patterns Table Of Contents (Jump to) 1. Introduction 1.1 Family Demography 2. The Interview 2.1 Father 2.2 Mother 2.3 Son 2.4 Daughter 3. Governing Theories 3.1 Psychological Sketch of Family 4. Conclusion 5. References 1. Introduction The following article indulges into a study of the patterns of TV and radio programmes seen by an average household. We set out to carry our investigation by interviewing a family in Sheffield. After asking them questions like what they usually see and why do they see them we can try and construct a psychological pattern of their entertainment needs. This can then be fused together by various Psychological theories (such as Sigmund Freud’s Theory of Id, Ego and Superego, Jean Piaget’s Four cognitive stages for a child, and Maslow’s Theory of Five Pyramidal Needs) and we will see the influence of media and environment on consumer behaviour. 1.1 Family demography The test family interviewed is of British Caucasian descent located in Sheffield, United Kingdom. The Jenkins family is an average lower-middle class family with both parents holding down regular jobs. Mr. Stuart Jenkins is 47 years old and runs his own Public Relations firm, which he established 3 years back after quitting a well paying job at another company. Mrs. Sarah Jenkins, 48 years of age, works as a freelance Spanish translator with dreams of setting up her own Translation Agency. The remaining members of the family are 17 years old Jamie Jenkins and 8 years old Helen Jenkins. The interview After a basic interview, the following data has been assimilated about the viewing preferences of the various family members. I will endeavour to classify them: 2.1 Father Mr. Stuart Jenkins has an affinity towards programs like Top Gear because of his interest in fast and attractive cars. He has also been a keen follower of all football related telecasts since his introduction to the sport at a young age by his father. He especially watches all Liverpool games and cannot handle a defeat for his team. He also likes to watch old classics like Casablanca and considers the current crop of movies to be an excuse for sex and violence. 2.2 Mother Mrs. Sarah Jenkins seldom gets the chance to sit back and watch a show because of her hectic schedule and mentioned that she mostly just caught bits of what her husband and the kids happened to be watching. However, she does try to follow the ‘Sex and the City’ and ‘Desperate Housewives’ series’, which she prefers to view on her own. According to her she identifies herself with Brie, fortifying her argument by saying that the protagonist’s meticulous nature for detail, affinity towards cleanliness resembles and her taste in clothes matches closest to her. Moreover, these serials are often a topic of discussion among her friends. 2.3 Son Jamie is interested in the late shows on VH1 for that is the time when the channel airs a multitude of Rock/Grunge music – the music he and his friends listen to. He also diligently follows the happenings on The OC and likes to watch Pro Wrestling. He considers his choice to be his lifestyle and likes the rebellious nature of Ryan. 2.4 Daughter Helen loves to watch MTV since she thinks that pop music is ‘cool’ and proclaims Christina Aguilera to be her mentor. She saw Christina Aguilera at the MTV Music Awards and decided that she was highly talented and was worthy of being made a role model. She also likes to watch The OC, Hollyoakes, The Simpsons, and Family Guy among other teen soaps with her brother because it makes her feel grown up. 3.  Governing Theories Freudian Theory of Id, Ego, Superego: According to Sigmund Freud, the Father of modern psychoanalysis, the human mind is divided into three parts depending upon the levels of awareness. The absolute subconscious is named the ‘Id’ which in Latin means ‘Itself’. This part of the brain deals simply with the primal needs of seeking pleasure and avoiding pain. The ‘Superego’, also called ‘I’, is contained in the consciousness as well as the sub consciousness, and is the centre of all morals and values, which are derived from the concepts of right and wrong, taught in our childhood by our parents. The ‘Superego’ and the ‘Id’ are in a constant state of conflict, with the ‘Superego’ trying to counterbalance the ‘Id’. The ‘Ego’ is contained in the consciousness and is influenced by the societal rules around us. It has the unenviable job of trying to balance both the ‘Supe rego’ and ‘Id’. Being a part of the consciousness, it contains the processes logical reasoning and problem solving, and uses these tools to satisfy the ‘Id’s’ primal needs within the restraints of the ‘Superego’. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Abraham Maslow, a student of Jung, proposed the widely renowned Theory of Hierarchy of Needs, which states that within every person exists a pyramidal structure of five needs. These are, respectively: Physiological Needs (hunger, thirst, intimacy) Need for shelter or safety Need for social acceptance and belonging Need for esteem and attention Need for self-actualisation or self fulfilment According to Maslow, once a need is fulfilled, the next need becomes dominant. Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Stages: Jean Piaget was a child psychologist who proposed the now widely held theory of sequential growth of cognitive stages. He explained that a person comprehends all the information that fits into his established view of the world. When faced with information that is not possible to slot into that view of the world, the person has to rethink his view of the world to accommodate the information. Piaget described four stages of a child’s cognitive development as follows: Sensorimeter (Birth to age 2) – During this stage, the child learns about herself and her surroundings through sensations and movements. She learns that an object does not cease to exist simply because it is out of the reach of her senses. Preoperational (First speech to about age 7) – The child is now able to think about things even if they are not immediately present. However she still has difficulty in understanding the concept of time. She lives in a form of a fantasy and changes any input information in her mind to better suit her needs. Concrete (About first grade to adolescence) – The child begins to learn to think abstractly and grasp concrete ideas, managing to rationalize them. She starts to ask questions after rationally processing information. Formal Operation (adolescence) – This is the final cognitive stage. The child develops the ability of hypothetical and deductive reasoning 3.1 Psychological Sketch of Family Father Stuart Jenkins would seem to follow the Freudian Theory of Id, Ego and Superego. He quit his job and set up a business expecting to do very well for himself. However, he has not managed to make his firm perform to his expectations. His Id desires all the glitz and perks that come with a successful lifestyle, but he is unable to fulfil this need in his present situation, and feels an overwhelming sense of inadequacy. Thus, his Ego satisfies the Id’s impulses and helps him to forget his difficult responsibilities by focusing on that sign of success – a gleaming new car. His attraction towards cars can also be driven by the general notion that car are associated with Masculinity. His love for football can be traced back to his father, who introduced him to the game. His love for the sport could be a conditioned response instilled by his love for his father. It helps too that the social setup that he is in, considers football to be a ‘manly’ sport and thus it helps Stuart to reaffirm his manliness to himself. A Liverpool victory becomes a victory for Stuart himself, and a defeat just a reminder of his own failure. Stuart is a model consumer, and his brand loyalty to the movies of his generation is apparent. Any form of media is open to perception and any message could contain one or more potential ‘readings’. Stuart rejects newer movies because it seems to offend his sensibilities, and he perceives them to be corrupting factors. Mother Sarah seems to be the typical woman consumer for whom the home is as much a workplace as her office. While Stuart comes back from work to an evening of leisure, Sarah still has work left in managing the house. The cultural stereotyping and the resulting acquired modes of masculine and feminine subjectivities leave her with little time to be able to sit back and watch some television. However, she does not seem to mind it much and is fine with catching a few snatches of the various shows that happen to be on. This reaffirms the consumerist study that the man of the household has much more control over the content of the television than the lady. However, Sarah is partial towards ‘Sex and the City’ and ‘Desperate housewives’, possibly because she identifies with some of the characters like Brie, who are independent of any ties. She probably prefers to watch alone to experience some contrived feelings of freedom from matrimony, and feel a bit closer to the scre en characters. While the Superego tells her that it is wrong to have such feelings, her Id drives her on. It takes the Ego to channel all her dark feelings into an escapist fantasy. The fantasy in some way fulfils her need for belonging, as per Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Son Jamie seems to be a normal teenager, enamoured by the global mantra of consumerism. With the consumerist society heralding the rebel as the new ‘cool’, rock and grunge are definitely the music to listen to. His friend circle listens to the same music, and so it is possible that his choice of music is also due to societal influences. The main protagonist of ‘The OC’, Ryan Atkins, is an outsider thrown into an alien environment who still manages to gain everyone’s respect and affection. Jamie, in his teenage-angst, probably fancies himself to be a bit of an outsider too, and thus wants to model himself after Ryan Atkins. His rebellious anger also finds an outlet through the hard-hitting Pro-Wrestling, just like countless other teenagers. Daughter Helen is a typical victim of the consumerist attack on tweens, being exposed to the world of sexual excess that is today’s pop music at such a tender age. According to Jean Pagiet’s stages of behaviour, Helen is still too young to correctly comprehend the sexual information that is being thrown towards her courtesy of MTV. Therefore it is not a surprise that her model mentor is not Margaret Thatcher, or Helen Keller, but a gyrating pop princess – Christina Aguilera. Sexual information is a must for children, but just like a driving license, it needs to be presented when the receiver is ready for it. Similarly, watching OC with her big brother might make her feel older, but all it is basically doing is desensitising her to violence, sex, and crime. As deduced from the interview of the Jenkins family, the influence of environment, media on the daily choices that a person makes are very profound. Consumerism can be observed in all spheres of life today. Man’s psychological attitude, combined with consumerism drives everybody needs, choices and decisions. References Freud, S. (1923). The Ego and the Id. Piaget, J. (1972). The psychology of the child Piaget, J. (1990). The childs conception of the world Assael, H. (2004). Consumer Behaviour A Strategic Approach. Maslow, A. (pub. 2000). Maslow on Management Available from http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/

Musical Taste Buds: How and Why We Have Musical Tendencies Essay exampl

Music is a universal language. All around the world, music exists and lives in many forms and genres. Personally, I have yet to hear a song or composition that I did not thoroughly enjoy. Throughout my life, I have learned my take on music is not the typical one. Most people I know lean towards certain genres and have at least one they avoid completely. Sometimes, it is a certain band, artist, or sound that others find unappealing. I have always wondered why I seem to be so unbiased to music compared to other people I know. Why do so many people tend to limit themselves to only enjoy certain music? For me, enjoying music is about the experience and the feeling presented in a composition. For me, music is, first and foremost, audio art. As an Art major, I can see and understand music as beauty rather than just sounds. This I feel is the difference that allows all music to be enjoyable for me. It is simple enough to understand the things that make music appealing. The real questions about music are about what makes music different for each listener. Why do people to like and/or dislike songs, sounds, genres, etc.? I value and find beauty in the fact that there are so many different sounds, it is these variances that I think create our musical taste buds. Musical â€Å"taste buds† is an expression I use when thinking about a developed preference to music. My musical palate is open, eager, and willing to try something unknown, while others may lean toward tastes with which they are already familiar. One can’t help but wonder whether or not music can be appreciated simply for what it is or are there other factors such as the artist’s life, inspiration, or media that create our varied tastes. Music is a form of art that exists specificall... ... not consistent with one’s own musical taste buds. Bibliography Fink, Bob. "FANG or FLINT? What Made the "Neanderthal Flute"?" Crosscurrents -- Journal of Ancient Music, Pre-history, Archaeology & Origins (& Other Social History & Science Matters) 198 (2008): 1-10. EBSCO. Web. 12 Feb. 2010. Goldstein, E. Bruce. Cognitive Psychology Connecting Mind, Research and Everyday Experience (with Coglab 2.0 Online Booklet). Belmont: Wadsworth, 2007. Print. Levitin, Daniel J. The World in Six Songs How the Musical Brain Created Human Nature. New York: Dutton Adult, 2008. Print. Ruwet, N. "Musicology and linguistics." International Social Science Journal 19.1 (1967): 79-78. EBSCO. Web. 21 Feb. 2010. "Origin of music - encyclopedia article - Citizendium." Welcome to Citizendium - Citizendium. Web. 12 Feb. 2010. .

Ipremier Case Essay

When an event like this occurs in an organization, the first question asked post mortum is how can we prevent his from happening again. From iPremier’s perspective there are a few steps that can be taken. First, an overall evaluation of their security infrastructure and the individuals that support the structure. iPremier used a third party vendor to handle IT systems and support. This may be an area of weakness and the service that is provided by Qdata should be looked at closely. Although it may be cost effective to use a thirdy party vendor for this service, it is important to constantly evaluate their service and infrastructure compliance. Second, although Qdata manages iPremier’s IT systems it is important for iPremiere to have standard operating procudures and compliance standards. Preparing such documentation after an outage is the perfect time because a lot of what went wrong is still in their head and helps provide some ground level requirements. Once iPremier establishes their processes and procedures they should periodically â€Å"test† the process in a live drill. At my company we run several maintenance processes every month as well as disaster recovery testing once a year with some in between quarterly testing. It’s important to put the process, procedure and plan together, but equally important to test it in order to identify gaps. This process also needs to be written and locatable in the event it is needed for reference. Establishing a location for the process both in paper form an electronically is key. Lastly, communication from leadership to staff and to the clients that iPremier supports must be immediate. It is extremely important that staff be communicated to in a timely matter when information may have been compromised. There is also legal obligation on iPremiers part to notify clients that there information may have been compromised. iPremier maybe on some level required to compensate or identify ways for clients to mitigate the risk of their information being compromised. Overall, at the time of a service interruption post mortum evaluation will always find ways in which the interruption could have been prevented. Unfortunatley, organizations learn from disaster and it is the primary way in which we learn our weaknesses. Going forward if iPremier establishes the needed processes and procedures and takes the time to test their plan, they will prevent this specific issue from happening again, but are always other issues that will come up. Then it is time to re-evaluate your plan, processes, and procedures.

How to Write a Well-Structured Essay

How to Write a Well-Structured Essay Introduction, body, and conclusion make a standard essay structure. Read the article to know the details. Essay Structure Essay structure allows you to align your thoughts and ideas logically, making them readable and easy to understand. Basic essay logic starts out with the introduction of the essay’s main idea and then explains it further in the body paragraphs and ends by summing everything up in the last paragraph the conclusion. To better understand why essay format is so important, try to imagine an essay that starts out with body paragraphs, followed by a thesis and a conclusion. Such essay would be impossible to read because of its faulty logic.  Let’s take a closer look at each of the components and learn how to structure an essay. How to Write an Essay Introduction The introduction is the main component within the structure of an essay. This part contains the main thought of the essay and states the purpose of your writing. The introductory paragraph typically consists of a thesis statement (also called a topic sentence) and a few more sentences that explain or expand the main statement. The topic sentence together with these few sentences is referred to as the introduction. Body Paragraphs The two or three paragraphs that follow the introduction are called the body of the essay. They are called so because they make up the body or the main bulk of the paper. This part of the essay usually contains research data and information that supports your thesis. Each paragraph should contain one main idea and should provide supporting details for your topic and thesis. The topic (introductory) sentence of each paragraph should support the main idea. Even though there are no strict rules regarding the body paragraph length, a general rule of thumb prescribes that a paragraph should  be neither too long (over 8 sentences) nor too short (under 2 sentences). Body paragraph size varies depending on the essay style: for example, the average paragraph length in business writing is generally 4-5 sentences, while the average paragraph length in academic writing is around 8-10 sentences. Academic writing tends to be longer because the author has to state a point, back it up with research data, and come to a conclusion. Such kind of writing usually requires a greater amount of writing. To connect your thoughts and make them logical youll need to use some connecting words and phrases: List of Connecting Words and Phrases The final part of the basic essay structure is a conclusion. It ends the essay and summarizes all ideas and thoughts written. Going further, read how to end an essay correctly. Conclusion: How to End an Essay The final part of the basic essay structure is the conclusion. It summarizes the points made in the introduction and the body paragraphs of your paper. The core function of the conclusion is not only to summarize ideas stated in the introduction and the body but to show how they relate to the thesis. A good technique is to use the conclusion starters: as we can see, therefore, naturally, summing up etc. Such connecting phrases help you to tie the points made previously with the actual text of the conclusion that you are writing. Once again, a conclusion should review your thesis and give a summary of your main ideas. Depending on your instructor’s requirements, your conclusion can range from one paragraph to a page in length. Reviewing your writing or the post-writing phase takes place when you are done writing your paper. It’s always a good idea to put your essay aside for a couple of hours and then come back to it later. It is important to read through each paragraph to make sure your ideas make sense and convey your points clearly. Also, be sure that you have not strayed away from the main point. Each paragraph should be relevant to your thesis. If you have found that any of your body paragraphs strays from your thesis, a rewrite or omission may be necessary. Note that there different types of essay  and essay formatting styles, e.g. essay format MLA  which require proper logic and structure. Some students find the writing assignments to be a daunting task  and start looking for a writing help.  In case you need help with the structuring or writing your essay,  feel free to contact our essay writers or place an order. Besides, we have a lot of essay examples written by the professional writers: Expository Essay Example | Definition Essay Examples  and many others. Reading the essay examples facilitates the writing and essay structuring process.

Complex Congenital Heart Disease - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Complex Congenital Heart Disease - Smart Custom Writing LeadershipLeaders must play several, often conflicting, roles in managing technology. They must be good stewards and hold to tight budgets and schedules. Implementation speed to keep up with technological changes requires good project manager skills. Leaders must continually monitor program tar ­gets and completion dates. They must also be realists in assessing the risks, costs, and benefits of a new technology. 1.   Perspective on leadership Learning for development in Auckland International Airport, also known locally as Mangere Airport Auckland International Airport was far behind from the performance in the initial period. As visionaries, Leaders had to make a technical vision of a goal and relentlessly pursue it. As advocates, they made a commitment to the project and stood behind it. Finally, as gatekeepers, they kept everyone focused. When new technologies are being developed or implemented, the operations manager made a strategic plan for the team representing all affected departments to lead and coordinate the work. A project champion who promotes the project at every opportu ­nity made contagious enthusiasm to make the development to happen. Today, Auckland International Airport is setting standards to the world itself. This leader is respected by all team members and thereby reflected management's support of the team through ­out the project. Everyone should know that the manager is knowledgeable about the project, stands behind it, and will give it the resources it needs to succeed. As the hospitality system is concerned, the leader should be a constant learner by all means. He should be ready to focus on the assimilated facto all the time. In fact, he should be willing to learn regularly. Employee motivation from the side of the government and thereby self improving the organization can be done positive results to the firm. He should be ready to take positive aspects from everywhere and negative points from nowhere. This proactive step helps the leader to enhance the performance both of his employees and organization alike. ANSOFF HI. 1984. Implementing strategic management. New Jersey: Prentice.    2. Motivation and Empowerment Enhancing the performance by Rewarding in Contact Energy Limited made thorough reformation.   Contact Energy Limited is a New Zealand electricity generator and electricity, natural gas, and LPG retailer company over the periods in New Zealand. The company generates 24% of New Zealand's electricity and has the second largest market-share of the country's electricity-retailers. When it was the time of underperformance, the company authorities have analysed the situation and made a strategic programme in order to enhance the performance of the employee sector: rewarding performance must be motivated by giving proper appreciation, awards etc..Leaders have defined motivation from different perspectives. Some of the important efforts are presented in this sub-section. Need disposition theory as a powerful leadership strategy: A basic assumption in the motivation theory is that an organism behaves in order to reduce its needs. A need is a requirement that must be met for optimal adjustment of an organism to the environment. Need disposition theory as a powerful leadership strategy presents the point of view that people are motivated to take action and invest energy in pursuit of three motives, Achievement, Affiliation and Influence. Contact Energy Limited made a thorough reformation in the employee attitude and thereby boosted up the overall performance of the company in the next quarter.   3. Developing DiversityStrategic Plan to 2010 - New Zealand Police Designing other strategic change process within New Zealand PoliceThe following measures to re organize and re structure the system New Zealand Police made a well organized plan as follows: New steps for diversity to be taken to improve the performance  Ã‚  Ã‚   the activities of front line personnel, it is not just supervise them;   Ã‚  Ã‚   to make the force better, recruit new personnel   and give training   for new leaders and officers;   Ã‚  Ã‚   There should be adequate rewards for performance.  Ã‚   Internal interactive, internal and external   mass communication, advertising, and market and image research are some other methods that can help NZP to improve their performance   Ã‚  Ã‚   sponsoring them for training programs in the areas of marketing/performing, selling a behavioral sciences;   Ã‚  Ã‚   increase involvement of staff in activities like customer service campaigns, undertaking market surveys,   etc   as well as in customer service and branch productivity committee meetings;   Ã‚  Ã‚   organizing of marketing conference-cum-workshop for upcoming officers segment-wise basis;   Ã‚  Ã‚   Sharing of the findings of customer surveys, bank image and other studies to NZP management with the staff;   Ã‚  Ã‚   staff motivation, including offer of awards and rewards on individual and group basis; Today, New Zealand Police is setting standards to the world policing itself. This plan for the situation was respected by all team members and thereby reflected management's support in the team through ­out the re organization for diversity.    4. Courage and Moral Leadership Courage and moral leadership are considered to be the prime character of a leader is concerned. A leader must be brave to act wisely when and where time comes. He must have apt moral character for his team to respect his vision and mission. The definition which has the touch of practical common sense is the one evolved by a medical doctor- Mr. Moran. He was the medical officer of a New Zealand Infantry Battalion during World War II against Nazis. For two long years he served the Battalion and saw how young officers inspired their fellow citizens to fight the Germans with enthusiasm and courage, knowing full well that, many among them would get killed or maimed. He wondered how one individual could exercise such a decisive influence over others. It was not just the military law or discipline, because despite these there were examples of demeaning cowardice and inability to lead. About two decades later he became the Chairman of the Medical Council. Given below is a definition which is based on what he evolved: "Leadership is the capacity to frame plans which will succeed and the faculty to persuade others to carry them out in the face of all difficulties". 5. Strategic Leadership Strategy for Maintaining Leadership in the Air Conditioning Company Limited, Auckland    In a competitive environment, maintaining leadership is not easy. New substitutes and products made using new technologies would keep entering the market eroding competitiveness of existing firms. Under such circumstances, constant product improvement becomes essential to maintain product differentiation. Even in fields where competition is limited, it is worth attempting technological improvements either for cost reduction or product improvement. This means that the experience curve of such firms keep shifting continuously. This is well reflected in the air cooler industry in the recent years in ACCL Auckland. Although it is a seasonal industry, of late there is fierce competition to capture the top end of the expensive market segment. For instance, the leading national level manufacturer in the small scale sector entered the market with a revolutionary idea; an air cooler looking likes a room air conditioner. It was technically far better than a conventional air cooler. They improv ed upon his new ''air conditioner looking air cooler" and introduced three different models in three consecutive years, always improving upon the previous one, making it difficult for his competitors to catch up. Peter Drucker (1985) called it "fastest with the strategy, in the case of the solvent manufacturer referred to earlier also, there is a strong sense’ of product differentiation through technological development. Philip A. Wickham - Management Consulting: Delivering an Effective Project 2nd Edition    6. Leading Teams Westpac Banking Corporation is a giant conglomerate providing financial services and became Australia’s largest bank. Earlier it took over the second-largest bank in New Zealand-the St.George Bank. In the initial period bank face a lot of hard ships to proceed in a turbulent time. The directors had to overcome these problems with their strong and efficient managerial skills. They had made a plan for the same and ensured them to adhere properly. Tasks for Group    Defined, the task   Ã‚   Made the plan Allocated work and resources Controlled quality and tempo of work Checked performance against plan   Functions for Group Setting standards Maintaining discipline Building team spirit Encouraging, motivating, giving a sense of purpose Appointing sub-leaders Ensuring communication within the group Training the group    Functions for Individual Needs Attending to personal problems Praising of individuals Knowing individuals personally Recognizing and using individual abilities Training individuals The functions related to the needs of the three areas had been listed separately for their execution. In actual practice, however, most of these are integrated and achieved through the efficient co ordination of leaders. As a result, Westpac Banking Corporation has become one of the best multinational financial services company and became the largest bank in the region. Conclusion From all these above situations, one can understand how do leaders lead followers without being wholly led by followers. The statement that a 'good leader varies his style between authoritarian to participative   depending on the task, the changing situation he encounters and the changing group that he has to lead sums up, rather pithily, the way an effective leader has to function. However, no effective leader ever consciously adopts a style- it comes, and indeed it must come, naturally from within. Style invariably is the reflection of the substance. It is the expression of the man and the strength of character and the balance of his system through he sees the world. References AAKER DA. 2001. Developing business strategies. 6th edition. New York: Wiley. ANSOFF HI. 1984. Implementing strategic management. New Jersey: Prentice. FERREIRA A. 2000. Business strategy: having to cope with waves of change. Management Today, 16(9) Philip A. Wickham - Management Consulting: Delivering an Effective Project 2nd Edition Connor, Dick Davidson, Jeffrey. Marketing Your Consulting and Professional   Services. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1990. Ashford, Martin. Con Tricks: The Shadowy World of Management Consultancy and How to Make it Work for You. New York: Simon Schuster International, 1999. Barcus, Sam W., Wilkinson, Joseph W. ( Editors). Handbook of Management Consulting Services. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995.

Topic Analysis - European Financial Crises Essay

Topic Analysis - European Financial Crises - Essay Example The origin of the global financial turmoil was the collapse of the real estate bubble in the United States, mainly the sub-primes1 mortgage market, which provided access to housing finance to almost everyone even those without the necessary guarantees. The problem was further aggravated by the securitization2 of sub-primes leading a contagion in the financial system, which resulted from massive defaults on the original loans that had been securitized (Ferguson, 2012, p. 19). There was high mistrust among commercial banks in the financial systems, which led to freezing of the interbank market, severely affecting liquidity distribution and forcing institutions to bankruptcy, both because of reduced activity in the interbank market and as financial institutions continued to sell even the good quality assets in fear of the unknown, or as a consequence of increased uncertainty. In the period 2006-2007, there was increasing panic as news of bankruptcy of firms such as Lehman Brothers and Morgan Stanley in the USA and Dexia in Europe, continued to stream. Some of these firms were however bailed out by the governments of the USA and Europe. In 2008-2009, the financial crisis began to hit the global economy3, introducing the first recession since the times of World War II. In EU alone, GDP went down by about 4.1% while rate of unemployment4 increased by 3.9% between 2008 and 2010 (Manfred, Griesbach, and Jung, 2011, p. 292). These were firm indicators to justify that there was indeed a heating problem that needed quicker action to resolve to avoid dire consequences. This paper will attempt to explain the Euro zone financial crisis and particularly explore the hypothesis that the â€Å"European situation has the potential to become a financial â€Å"time bomb†, which could destroy the euro as a currency, send global financial markets into a tailspin and global recession†. In doing this, the paper will address the

International relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International relations - Essay Example Further, the customs and the heterogeneity of the indigenous populations within each national territory as defined by the physical boundaries have concentrated on minding the issues of their own territories, as opposed to focusing on integration of the region. Thus, despite the region having a higher potential for contributing and even influencing the global geopolitical and economic system, the disconnected territories have retained their cultural, political and economic developments within their individual territories (Severino, 2009). Nevertheless, it cannot be argued that the region lacks inter-countries interaction completely. There has existed some interaction among the different areas of the South East Asia, although the interaction has been such minimal as to significantly alter the preservation of the individual cultures of these nations. Consequently, the idea of the formation of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was one major stride towards bringing this r egion into a common economic bloc, which would then be able to negotiate its political and economic space in the global geopolitical and economic system (Lee, 2006). There is no doubt that the region could be highly influential on the global platform if it could be united under one umbrella, which would act as its vehicle of international negotiations. However, the preservation of strong individual culture among the nations of the South East Asia region has played a major role in hindering the formation of the regional economic bloc. The competing interests purely based on the uniqueness of the individual culture of each nation has meant that creating a regional bloc that would integrate the South East Asian countries of Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore (Basu, 2013). The ASEAN was first established on 8 August 1967, when the five countries came together and signed the Bangkok declaration, which founded ASEAN as a loose organization (Lee,

Amazon Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Amazon Case Study - Essay Example It was not without the physical labor by the visionary man himself Jeff Bezos who contributed in its physical transportation and other essential activities that were necessary in the beginning. By the year 1997, it saw massive expansion in form of collaborations with few giant players in the industry namely Silicon Valley. The idea behind the name (Amazon): Since Amazon is the world’s largest river and Jeff Bezos had believe in his ideas, he wanted to develop a platform that is worldwide famous and massive in size. Much to his hard work and planning, Amazon has turned out to be the world’s largest online book store. In a period of nearly one year, it made it across the internet as one of the largest and the only online retailer since there were no major threats and competitors at that time. Vision and objectives: The beginning vision was more focused on making it the largest online book stop, but later the circle expansion was considered and it worked on providing produ cts other than just books as well . The vision was focused on â€Å"customer centric† policy which would focus on meeting the requirements of the customer. Distinct Groups segregation: While the earlier focus was on online sales only, with time the focus was expanded to customers who were clustered into three groups namely â€Å"consumer customers† who are directly associated with the products and services offered by the parent company itself, developer customers who used the technology and resources of Amazon for running their business, and finally the seller customer who used Amazon as a platform to sell their products which were not necessarily the Amazon Proprietary. 1997 letter to the shareholders: Some of the salient points of the letter are: Customers are the focal point Policies would be made keeping in view the long term planning and perspective. Both success and failure would be critically evaluated. The decisions so made would be daring in many ways and this way the new paradigms would be explored through a combination of success and failure from the dare game. 3 pillar strategy: The 3 Pillar strategy has been adopted to accomplish the vision chalked out by the man who started it all Jeff Bezos. These pillars are as follows: Selection: The policy was based on providing the customers with a long list of options in various categories in each of the discipline products that are in the manufacturing capacity of the company. Convenience: Customers are the backbone to any organization and enterprise. Amazon takes this factor in to equal consideration and does all to ensure the customer satisfaction and ease of actions. This is done in form of providing them with many options prior to purchase and order and post order which includes the feedback mechanism. Price: Amazon ensures attracting the customers towards itself in many ways, the price advantage and core competency of reduced prices is part of Amazon strategy. This can be seen in case of the latest e book reader launch Amazon Kindle Fire, which has startled the entire world by its low price. The prices are reduced with no compromise on the quality. The quality

Representation of Interests Matrix and Paper Essay Example for Free

Representation of Interests Matrix and Paper Essay Within Public Policy there are different interests that are affected once the issue has been brought forward to the government by citizens who are sending e-mails, or telephone calls advising of the issues that are affecting society, what the citizens do not know is that with every issue within public policy that has to be passed by the government and attempted to get resolved has a significant affect or groups and organizations. The identified groups and organizations represent my interests in a significant manner because due to my profession I am aware that crime has been a problem for society for quite a long time, I am aware that there has been multiple attempts to reduce crime, such as the hiring of more police officers, programs that protect victims and witnesses of a crime. Therefore I believe crime is a significant interest. As for education experiencing affects by public policy, I think this is by far the most important. I have a child and am extremely aware of the problems that have affected our education systems significantly due to the lack of financial support from the government and also the increase in college education, books, etc. I am aware of the government attempting to clear the tax deficit and financial problem that our country is currently facing, but education is not the way to do it. As for the other remaining identified groups such as Foreign policy, Health care, and Social Welfare, they also represent my interests in a significant manner. For example Health care, has affected me significant due to our president passed the new reform my employer checks have significantly dropped from what I used to gross monthly, due to the fact that we are taking a hit because we are assisting those with no medical health care and those who are receiving assistance from the government, such as parolees and prior drug addicts, or convicts. The groups represent my interest by all means, ultimately besides us taxpayers who are affected based off the government trying to accommodate all the citizens who continue to write emails requesting assistance for the interests that are affected by public policy. As for any instanc es in which my interests compete with one another, Yes they are significant. For example, Health care and Social Welfare go hand in hand for me. The reason that these two interests go hand in hand for me is because once gain based on my work and what I have been exposed to during the military and also being familiar with the cost of healthcare, I take it as an offense to provide for those who personally do not deserve Healthcare. I strongly believe that if your not physically incapable of working, or able to care for yourself, or gravely disabled I will be the first one to help these citizens. As for Social Welfare, I also believe that the government is to lenient on how they assist the needed. Some of the interest that I chose are significant to me and my family and loved ones, but I think that the most interest affected by public policy that is in conflict with those of the general public will have to be healthcare. I remember i was working the day when our president passed the new Healthcare reform, and how citizens were running outside the streets celebrating that they will now have medical assistance. At first I did not think anything of it until the following morning during Roll Call when we were advised by our lieutenant that it will affect us significantly especially financially. As the months went by I started to notice my checks to get smaller and smaller. I am aware that the general publics thinking is different than mine, but do not get me wrong I will be the first one to help someone I have been doing it for 13 years of my life, but when citizens take advantage that is when I have a problem. In conclusion I have provided my own personal opinions of how my identified groups represent my own personal interests, I also provided examples on what means do my groups use to represent my interests. I also debated on instances in that my interests compete with one another. Finally I was precise and straight forward on my interests and how some of them conflict with those of the general public. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Policy http://www.palgrave-journals.com/iga/journal/v1/n2/full/iga20129a.html

Easyjet Marketing Strategy Analysis

Easyjet Marketing Strategy Analysis Jump to: Easyjet PEST Analysis | Easyjet SWOT Analysis | Easyjet Marketing Mix | Implementing and Managing Easyjets Policies | CSR at Easyjet This technical report has been ordered to clarify the e-marketing strategies implemented by the EasyJet airline to gain competitive advantages over its rivals in the marketing for low cost aviation. Situation analysis present position and industry of EasyJet by use SWOT and PEST model. This report looked at the various strategies used by EasyJet and researched in depth the European budget airline industry. The main objective is to study EasyJets successful e-marketing campaigns. Since 1995, EasyJet Airline Company Limited is a great and successful example of a European airline. The chairman Stelios Haji-loannou (Greek) founded the company this year. It is based on the US carrier SouthWest, and is low cost, no-frills model. Stelios hired an expensive brand consultancy and offered them  £100,000 to come up with one. A month later, the consultants turned up at EasyLand with magazine clippings attached to pieces of cardboard. Unimpressed by their efforts, Stelios promptly fired them. In the end, he came up with the airlines name himself. The word easy kept on coming into his head, so he decided to christen the airline EasyJet. For the company logo he went to a small local design consultancy, White Knight, which gave the airline its famous shade of orange, know as Pantone 021C, used by no other airline at the time or since. The design consultancy then created a simple set of graphics for the airlines first advertising campaign. In 1995, EasyJet starts flights from Luton to Glasgow and Edinburgh with to leased Boeing 737-300 with a capacity of 148 seats at a price of only  £29 for one way ticket. Glasgow and Edinburgh are the first routes. The logic was simple: southern Scotland was the biggest domestic market from London for which air was a sensible alternative to road or rail. The airline opened a telephone reservations centre and took its first booking on 23 October 1995. The phone at the EasyJet telephone reservation centre started ringing and never stopped. They were in business. Two years later, EasyJet launches its website, easyjet.com. Web bookings grew from zero to 26 per cent of business within a year. On the first day of trading during one promotion, 13,000 seats were sold, believed to be a record for the most commercial transactions carried out on the internet in 24 hour period. By mid-1999, when its internet sales represented 58 per cent of the total, EasyJet because the first airline to make more sales on the internet than through normal telephone reservations. In March 2000, EasyJet reached two million seats, and it took only another three months to reach the three million mark. By 2001, online bookings regularly reached 80 per cent, the highest proportion of online sales for any airline in the world. In financial view, EasyJet plc was listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE: EZJ) and was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index on 5th November 2000. In October 2004, the international investment company FL Group was purchased an 8.4 per cent stake in EasyJet. In 2005, FL Group increased its share in the company to 16.9 per cent. Lois (2005) mentioned that, according to the investment house, EasyJet was becoming a paperless company with a powerful electronic infrastructure. The results were lower administration costs, better management information and more responsive decision making. Situation Analysis In this chapter, I will present position and analysis the current position using both of used SWOT and PEST model. PEST Analysis of Easyjet The following factors are likely to have an influence on the EasyJet. (P)olitical factors In 1990 the European deregulation of commercial aviation coincided with the expansion of the low cost airline industry. The LCC in the industry were able to take advantage of the relaxed laws and expand their operations. On the other hand, threat of war in the East Euro and EU east enlargement may provide access to viable the new markets were also the political factors of EasyJet. (E)conomical factors Mercer Management Consulting (2002) reported that the low cost airline market conforms to the criteria of three components. Firstly, it provides a simple product consisting of no seat reservation, free seating, and adequate in flight service. They are a genuine no frills airline with a simple product offered to the market. Webster (2004) noted EasyJets ability to maintain a high degree of customer focus through a new, user friendly website with an improved booking process. Secondly, mergers and acquisitions is also the low cost airline markets characteristic; the expansion of existing low cost airlines and finally, market exits as a result of bankruptcy. Finally, the industry operates a low cost ethos, which is maintained by lean sales, high productivity of resources, low maintenance costs and low wages. (S)ocial factors The low cost carriers position their product to leisure travellers and non business travellers. However EasyJet has differentiated itself by targeting the business and leisure segments. This behavioural segmentation creates a more dynamic edge in comparison to their competitors who solely focus on leisure travel. Thus, EasyJet must ensure that its strategy is tailored to a wider market. Walton (2005) confirmed that EasyJet was presented as a European low cost airline with a current reading of 26 million passengers in 14 key countries. It has 190 routes to 58 airports and 163 million people live within one hour of EasyJets airports. (T)echnological actors Low cost carriers have the ability to maintain a high degree of customer focus through user-friendly websites with improved booking processes. These websites have the capability of charging bookings with greater ease and utilising an easy to use fare finder to obtain the cheapest fares. Selling tickets via the technological medium of websites and hence by having no travel agents, they avoid paying agency commissions. SWOT Analysis of Easyjet (S)trengths EasyJet was used the bright orange as Pantone 021C, used by no other airline at the time or since. It have a successful financially which they cut out all meals and snacks on travel tour, can reduced the cost of operation. Have more flexible organisation and being seen as an innovative. The airline opened a telephone reservation centre is a strong e-business on 1995. EasyJet is also was a part of the consortium and have awarded by UK air traffic control system National Air Traffic Services (NATS). Single model of aircraft reduced training, maintenance and supervisory costs. At last, EasyJet has been wisely investing in strong brand build measured like advertising and television shows ensured high brand recall. (W)eaknesses Below have some weaknesses for EasyJet organisation. It continued sustenance of cost leadership can be difficult in a dynamic market. The two drivers of growth, the focus on price and the focus on convenience seem to be reached their natural limits and differentiation from there could become difficult. The airline does not own the EasyJet brand, its owned by Sir Stelios and as a result, does not have control on its performance of other products and services used the same name. It also loss of usage in future could adversely affect its own market performance. (O)pportunities Recent expansion of the EU has resulted in open of new markets for the LCCs. Their low fares will increase movement of job seekers across boarders and also promote the tourism industry, lead to economic growth. Consolidation could help EasyJet to a certain degree offset the pressure on its costs and fares. Otherwise, vertical and horizontal expansion could be an important option for EasyJet for growth in mature markets and offset any future threat of increased in service provider costs. Withdrawal of traditional airlines from less traffic-intense routes could be an opportunity for expanded. EasyJet does not seem to have any flights to Scandinavian capitals like Stockholm and Helsiki where immigrant flow was on the rise. (T)hreats The threats of EasyJet had some factors. Terrorism and catastrophic loss can result in lesser air travel and loss of infrastructural support, war threats and outbreak of epidemics or pandemics could increase apprehensions about air travel. Technology advancement in the conduct of business meetings like video conferencing can be detrimental to short distance flights and impending increased in environmental taxes could increase costs. In addition, limited or no slot availability could be hurdle in future expansion plans and due to its limited fuel hedging policy, EasyJet is more vulnerable to fuel price fluctuations increased by variability in its costs. Currency fluctuations is also the factor of threats, it will affect especially the US dollar denominated costs like aircraft purchase, aircraft financing costs, maintenance reserve payments, fuel purchase etc.. Excess capacity and cost cutting tactics by competitors can affect passenger traffic on popular routes. Imitation of some main no-frills features by traditional airlines on same routes can confuse and blur the distinctive image of any LCC. Additional, traditional players can partly switch over or start their own baby low cost airline. Last, dependence on third party service providers could cause problems when any of these contracts are not renewed or negotiation of suitable replacement does not take place or if higher rates are charged. eMarketing Strategy Analysis This chapter was analysis what eMarketing strategy has the EasyJet adopted or is planned to adopt and what is the value proposition and differential advantage of this strategy. Marketing application of internet marketing Internet based media offer a range of opportunities for marketing products and services across the purchase cycle. EasyJet illustrate the applications of internet marketing since they show how organisations can use online communications such as their web site, third-party web sites and e-mail marketing as: Direct response medium: EasyJet uses sponsored links when a user is researching a flight using a search engine to prompt them to directly visit the EasyJet site by clicking through to it. Similarly the EasyJet e-mail newsletter sent to customers can encourage them to click through to a web site to generate sales. Platform for sales transactions: EasyJet sells flights online to both consumers and business travellers. Customer service mechanism: Customers serve themselves on easyJet.com by reviewing frequently asked questions. A relationship-building medium where a company can interact with its customers to better understand their needs and offer them relevant products and offers. EasyJet uses its e-mail newsletter and tailored alerts about special deals to help keep its customers and engage them in a dialogue to understand their needs through completing surveys and polls. Consumer matrix Bowman and Faulkner (1997) were also mentioned that the consumer matrix details that customers have with regard to the service or product offered to them and the prices charged. When used this theory to apply in EasyJet, can guestimate the general perception generated by the market. EasyJets flights was offer the value to consumer as gained the benefits from the online or telephone transaction relative to price appear favourable in comparison to another competitors. In the view of heterogeneousness, according to the demands for the service, indicated that, one service meets all demands might be let it to the wrong competitive strategy. More consumers were demand the low cost alternative and price sensitive with the airline segment. EasyJet was in order to attain sustainable competitive advantage by the customer matrix price strategy. Marketplace channel structures Channel structures describe the way a manufacturer or selling organization delivers products and services to its customer. The distribution channel will consist of one or more intermediaries such as wholesalers and retailers. The relationship between a company and its channel partners shown in below figure can be dramatically altered by the opportunities afforded by the internet. This occurs because the internet offers a means of bypassed some of the channel partners. This process is known as disintermediation or cutting out the middleman. Benjamin and Weigand (1995) calculated that, using the sale of quality shirts as an example, it was possible to make cost saving of 28 per cent in the case of (b) and 62 per cent for case for (c). Some of these cost savings can be passed on to the customer in the form of cost reductions. 6 Is of eMarketing In this section, I used the McDonald and Wilson (1999) as the 6 Is of eMarketing to summarised the differences between the new media and traditional media. The 6 Is are useful since they highlight factors that apply to practical aspects of internet marketing such as personalization, direct response and marketing search, but also strategic issues of industry restructuring and integrated channel communications. The 6 Is are Interactivity, Intelligence, Individualization, Integration, Industry restructuring and Independence of location. But in this case, I only focus one of the factors Integration, for used by this theory. The Internet provides further scope for integrated marketing communications. Below figure show how it is just one of many different media channels. When assessed the success of a web site, the role of the internet in communicating with customers and other partners can best be considered from two perspectives. The EasyJet web site can be used as a direct response tool enabled customers to respond to offers and promotions publicized in other media. The web site can also have a direct response or call back facility built into it. The internet can be used to support the buying decision even if the purchase does not occur via the web site. Customer information delivered on the web site must be integrated with other databases of customer and order information such as those accessed via staff in the call centre to provide what Seybold (1999) calls a 360 degree view of the customer. The internet can be used to support customer service. In EasyJet, who received over half their orders electronically, encourage users to check a list of frequently asked questions compiled from previous customer enquiries before contacting customer support via phone. Marketing Mix The marketing mix the 4 Ps of Product, Price and Promotion originally proposed by McCarthy (1960) is used as an essential part of implemented marketing strategy by many practitioners. Price Baker et al. (2001) have mentioned that the price element of the marketing mix refers to an organizations pricing policies which are used to define pricing models and, of course, to set prices for products and service. In EasyJet case, low price is a key element of the brand. Used differential pricing, booking in advance makes a ticket less expensive and off-peak travelling. Additional, can get the discounts for tickets though online booking. Product There are many alternatives for buying the product when EasyJat was developing its online strategy back then. The EasyJet website also has car rental, hotel booking services and links to other EasyGroup website. It also provided point to point services. Place Allen and Fjermestand (2001) were discovered that that the internet has the greatest implications for place in the marketing mix since the internet has a global reach. Internet booking system and open a telephone reservation system were the new channel structures for book the tickets. Promotion Specification of the promotion was usually part of a communications strategy. EasyJet highlights its a number one position among Europes low cost carriers. Prints are in bright orange telephone booking number and website link on the side of its aircraft. Competitive Strategy Michael (1980) has described three general types of strategies that are usually used by organisation. There are cost leadership, differentiation strategy and market segmentation strategy. But in EasyJets case, only two basic of competitive advantage was used: cost leadership and differentiation. Differentiation strategy EasyJet had made prominence attempts to make their product pop out from its low cost airline competitors. McDaniel (2000) mentioned that a product differentiation feature acts as competitive advantage was no longer alive. Also, EasyJet was generally the trend-setter for differentiation its market. Shiv and Alfred (2001) was discovered a matrix for classifies and identifies types of competitive positioning. EasyJet provided differentiation service of many routes to major airports such as Gatwick airport which shifts the focus to high produce traffic while abnegate economic and operative advantages of secondary airports. For the merchandise differentiation, EasyJet provide more variables such as have self check in kiosks, unrestricted baggage restraints, easy of use for the website and booking of tickets, these features of differentiation can helps the customers to enhance their purchase power with EasyJet. Implementation of Strategy How is the management creating new core and extended value for customer? EasyJet have the three main components to create new core and extended value for customer, the first was provide the number one safety airline, the second was build up a number one air transport network, and the last was enhance easyjet.com. Provide the number one safety airline: In 2009, EasyJet saw the introduction of a new Safety Management System (SMS), its provided a framework for safety compliance and manage the two pillars of safety performance at EasyJet. With active support by the European Aviation Safety Agencys European Commercial Aviation Safety team, the Safety Management System was a continuous improvement process. Build Europes number one air transport network: Slot management: EasyJet thinks departure time was very important to all customers, both of business trips and weekend breaks. Different from other competitors, who used smaller, much less convenient airports, and more remote, over 90 per cent of EasyJet aircraft operate into and out of congested airports. At these busy business and facilities, where slots were at a premium, EasyJet work hard to build up their portfolio across Europe. The slot management team has expertise and considerable capability, with over 60 years of extensive contacts and combined experience at European airports. Base Management: Overnight stops can create unnecessary costs. EasyJet were located aircraft and crew by managing the bases, they were able to maximise revenue and improve efficiency. Constantly under review the base location. For example, since 2006, EasyJet increased the number of aircraft based in Italy and France. Such as Luton, they also reduced capacity at under performing bases. How is the management balancing their online and offline promotion methods? Efraim (2008) mentioned that, in a click and mortar business, the allocation of resources between offline and online activities can create difficulties. Especially in sell side projects, the two activities can be viewed as competitors. In this case, personnel in charge of offline and online activities may behave as competitors. This conflict may cause problems when the offline side needs to handle the logistics of the online side or when prices need to be determined. Corporate culture, the ability of top management to introduce change properly, and the use of innovative process that support collaboration will all Pricing Strategy Traditional methods for determining price are the cost-plus and competitor models. Cost-plus means adding up all the costs involved material, labour, rent, overhead, and so forth and adding a percentage mark-up as profit. The competitor model determines price based on what competitors are charging for similar products in the marketplace. Pricing products and services for online sales changes these pricing strategies in subtle ways: Price comparison is easier: In traditional markets, either the buyer or, more often, the seller has more information than the other party, and this situation is exploited in determining a products price. By facilitating price comparison, the EasyJets internet booking system helps created what economists call a perfect market one in which both the buyer and the sell have ubiquitous and equal access to information, usually in the buyers favour. Online and offline goods are priced differently: In EasyJets pricing strategy, it was difficult for click and mortar company. Setting prices lower then those offered by the off-line business may lead to internal conflict, whereas setting prices at the same level will hurt competitiveness. Differentiated pricing can be a pricing strategy: For decades, EasyJet have maximized revenues with yield management charging different price for the same product. EasyJet is in the B2C marketplace, one-on-one marketing can extend yield management from a class of customer to individual customers. Bockstedt el al. (2005) also mentioned that, versioning is selling the same good but with different selection and delivery characteristics, is especially effective is selling digitized goods. Last minute deals: I attention that, in practice, last minute deals were sometimes offered, often at very low prices. If the airline decides to launch in such offers, either via a reseller or directly, it can set a new price that will allured the lower end of the tourist segment that didnt purchase tickets. Last minute deals were always made very close to the actual flight time. The overall impact of these changes is good news for the consumer. Internet technologies tend to provide consumers with easier access to pricing information, which increases their bargaining power. To remain competitive and profitable, sellers will have to adopt smarter pricing strategies. Specifically, business will have to look at ways of using the internet to optimize prices, primarily through greater precision in setting prices, more adaptability in changing prices, and new ways of customer segmentation for differentiated pricing. What impact is the implementation of strategy having upon the performance of the business? To improve results for any aspect of any business, performance management is vital. The process and systems intended to monitor and improve the performance of an organization and specific management activities such as internet marketing are widely known as performance management systems and are based on the study of performance measurement systems. Defining the performance metrics framework: Kotler (1997) mentioned that measurement for assess the effectiveness of internet marketing also be related to different levels of marketing control. These include strategic control, profitability control, annual plan control and efficiency control. Efficiency measures are more concerned with minimizing the costs of online marketing while maximizing the returns for different areas of focus such as acquiring visitors to a web site, converting visitors to outcome or achieving repeat business. Chaffey (2000) presents a framework of measures which can be applied to range of different companies. Metrics for the categories are generated as objectives from internet marketing planning which then need to be monitored to assess the success of strategy and its implementation. Business contribution A contribution to business profitability is always the ultimate aim of e-commerce. To assess this, leading companies set an internet contribution target of achieving a certain proportion of sales via the channel. When EasyJet (www.easyjet.com) launched its e-commerce facility in 1998, it set an internet contribution target of 30 per cent by 2000. They put the resources and communications plan in place to achieve this and their target was reached in 1999. Assessing contribution is more difficult for a company that can not sell products online, but the role of the internet in influencing purchase should be assessed. Discounted cash flow techniques are used to assess the rate of return over time. Service contribution from e-channels should also be assessed. Tools and techniques for collecting metric and summarizing results Techniques to collect metrics include the collection of site visitor activity data such as that collected from site log files, the collection of metrics about outcomes such as online sales or email enquiries and traditional marketing research techniques such as questionnaires and focus groups which collect information on the customers experience on the web site. I start by describing methods for collecting site visitor activity and then review more traditional techniques of market research which assess the customer experience. EasyJet was used customer relationship management CRM software to enhance its online booking server and reduce operational costs. Tony (2006) mentioned that CRM was specifically about gather customers information to provide their own customer service through the web. The CRM system was centralised all the data and information and allows innovations in customer service to be deployed and tested. An email marketing automation tool and a pilot voice self service solution is also can provide and enhanced levels of customer support with EasyJet. Legal and ethical issues Plamer (2005) mentioned that business ethics defines how a company integrates the core values of honesty, trust, respect, and fairness into its policies and practices and complies with legal standards and regulations. The scope of business ethics has expanded to encompass a companys actions with regard not only to how it treats employees and obeys laws but to the nature and quality of the relationships with shareholders, customers, business partners, suppliers, the community, environment, and future generations. European companies especially have embraced this expanded definition of ethics. e-Commerce ethical issues Two additional e-commerce related ethical issues are non work related use of the internet and codes of ethics. Non work related use of the internet EasyJet had a policy to avoid the employees used email and the web for non work related purposes. The use of company property for email and inter use creates risk. The degree of risk depends on the extent to which the company has implemented policies and procedure to prevent and detect illegal uses. EasyJet was also held liable for their employees use of email to harass another employee, participate in illegal gambling, or distribute child pornography. Some employees may use the company email to advertise their own business. Used other corporate computing facilities for private purposes may be a problem. Codes of ethics Volonino and Robinson (2004) were discovered that a practical and necessary approach to limit non work related internet surfing is an internet Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) that all employees must agree to. Without a formal AUP, it was much more difficult to enforce acceptable and eliminate unacceptable behaviours and punish violators. Whenever a user signs on to the corporate network, the user should see a reminder of the AUP and be notified that online activates are monitored. Such notification should be a part of a code of ethics. EasyJet have some corporate web policy guidelines, such as issue written AUP guidelines about employee use of the internet and communication systems including email and instant messaging; make it clear to employees that they cannot use copyrighted or trademarked material without permission. Post disclaimers of responsibility concerning content of online forums and chat sessions. Make sure that web content and activity comply with the laws in other countries, such as those governing contests and privacy. Corporate Social Responsibility A recent report (University of Exeter Business School 2010) has suggested that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) was an approach to business that takes account of issues combine with environment and society in addition to the more traditional business consider of profits and shareholders. CSR was not a new concept, it has evolved from its provenance in 19 century corporate charity and much attention both in policy circles and academic. EasyJets goal was ensure have an efficient as possible in the existing business, both on the ground and in air, and found some method to minimise its environmental impact in the future. The below details was show the EasyJet how to manage and monitor its environmental impact. The impact of EasyJet on the environment was involved the following: Greenhouse gas emissions: water vapour, nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide (together NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), some of which at altitude. Particulate emissions: soot and sulphate particles, some of which at altitude. Waste: chemical was involved in aircraft. Noise. EasyJet didnt have full CSR policy, buy they have an Environmental Code with three promises, first one was to be environmentally efficient in the air, and the second was an environmentally efficient on the ground and last was to lead in shaping a greener future for aviation. EasyJet strives to be efficient in the air: EasyJet was investment in the latest technology such as buy the new aircraft, the new technology aircraft were more fuel efficient than older models. Efficient use of aircraft, each of Airbus A319s carries 26 per cent more seats than the norm and potentially carries 57 per cent more passengers per flight than the European norm. Provide direct point to point flights, avoidance of air congestion and monitors its performance relative to other transport options. EasyJet strives to be efficient on the ground: EasyJet policy was to use the most efficient and simple ground equipment and simple airport infrastructure requirements. EasyJet was also keeps surface journeys to a minimum and minimal waste, such as no frills service was designed. EasyJet leads the way in shaping a greener future: EasyJet shaped European policy on making air traffic system more efficient and actively engaging with aircraft manufacturers to influence next generation technology.